ECONOMICS DEGREES

Overview

If you’re an avid follower of national and international events, and you at least occasionally read the finance and business sections of the news, an economics degree could be for you.
As a social science, economics is a people-focused subject. It’s about money, yes, but it’s also about understanding the full spectrum of issues that impact on financial situations – including politics, sociology, law, psychology, geography and history. In fact it’s so diverse, that at some universities it’s classed as a bachelor of arts (BA) and at others as a bachelor of science (BSc).
However, while economics is not just about number-crunching and spreadsheets, you will need to demonstrate strong aptitude in both maths and ICT. The next most important attributes are an ability to analyse problems clearly, and an enthusiasm for understanding current affairs and the world around you.
Economics at university is often offered as part of a joint degree, paired with subjects including politics, management, history, mathematics, computer science, engineering and modern languages.
Find the world's best universities for economics with the QS Subject Rankings >

Specialization

Most economics degrees will start by strengthening students’ skills in maths and statistics handling, as well as giving a general introduction to macroeconomics (financial issues at national and international level) and microeconomics (financial issues at individual or company level). You’ll learn to apply different mathematical models to economic problems, and use ICT software for analysis.
Further into your economics degree, special options might include:

Development economics

This is the study of economics in developing nations, looking at ways of promoting economic growth, and strategies for raising employment and improving wealth distribution. Research in this field may look at issues such as market restructuring, international intervention, local customs and politics, and different approaches to measuring development.

Organizational behavior

An increasingly prominent field of research, organizational behaviour is the study of the way people behave as part of an organization. This field draws on psychology, sociology and anthropology. You might examine different motivational strategies, organizational structures, or approaches to workforce diversity.

Labor economics

This involves analysing both micro- and macro- level factors to understand labor markets – basically to do with employment rates, salaries and worker efficiency. Variables in this field could relate to demand for goods and services, international trade, employment participation rates, education, legal frameworks and hiring practices.
Studying at master's or PhD level? Read our graduate-level guide >

Career Options

The broad and well-respected set of skills provided by an economics degree means a wide range of careers are open to economics graduates.
Many go on to work in the finance sector, in fields such as banking, accountancy, insurance, trading, tax and auditing. Other common career paths, include roles in sales, marketing, management and human resources – all based on a strong understanding of business processes and markets.
There are also many advisory and consultancy roles open to economics graduates, which could mean providing advice for banks, government agencies, or indeed any large business. Others pursue careers in journalism, statistics, IT, or even entrepreneurship.
Graduate jobs advice: What employers look for >

Key Skills

As a broad and interdisciplinary subject, economics provides graduates with a wide range of key skills, highly valued by many types of employer. These skills include:

• Analyzing complex data sets
• Constructing and presenting arguments
• Approaching issues from multiple perspectives
• Strong numeracy
• General IT skills
• General research skills
• Critical evaluation
• Problem-solving
• Professional communication, written and spoken
• Self-management, including planning and meeting deadlines
• Good awareness of current affairs

Find the world's best universities for economics with the QS Subject Rankings >

Economics Degrees: Why so Popular?

The University of Manchester’s Dr George Bratsiotis sheds some light on the popularity of economics degrees, and the bright career prospects they could lead to.
There are few degree courses out there which draw in as many students as FAME subjects – finance, accountancy, management and economics – and there’s one very good reason for that: the subjects which largely deal with money are the ones which are likely to make you the most after you graduate.
And research conducted by the University of Kent shows that one on particular can bolster your wage packet: economics (the research, by Yu Zhu, measures how much more graduates of various degrees can expect to earn as compared to high school graduates in the UK). Certainly not something to be sniffed at!

Most popular social science

Dr George Bratsiotis, Director of Undergraduate Studies in the University of Manchester’s economics department confirms the popularity of the subject: “In most universities, economics is usually the most popular subject of all social sciences.
"At the University of Manchester, for example, one of the largest universities in the UK, around a thousand students every year join one of our various economics programs, be it as a single degree or combined with another subject.”
Combining economics with another subject, Dr Bratsiotis continues, is an increasingly popular option, with students opting to combine their studies of the markets and the interactions of the forces which determine their course with a more academic and theoretical social science, or perhaps widen their expertise with another FAME subject.
“Most reputable universities nowadays offer a wide range of options that student can take as part of their economics degree. Popular combined degree qualifications include economics with either politics, or finance, or business, or accounting, or even sociology and history.”

Is economics for you?

So the idea of earning a lot of money might have caught your interest, and perhaps the idea of combining other studies with a understanding of what, in essence, makes the world go round fits in well with your agenda. The question is, is it for you?
Well, it’s a social science subject, so calls for the skills and qualities that you’d expect for such subjects – an analytical mindset, the ability to understand and balance a wide range of arguments, essay writing skills, and the ability to apply theories to reality, among others. It will also, it perhaps goes without saying, require you to have a head for figures.
“Economics is at its core a technical subject calling for the use of maths and stats,” Dr Bratsiotis verifies. For this reason, he goes on, before a student can specialize or diversify, they must pass a range of core modules which will furnish them with skills that are essential for a scholar of this discipline.
By this point, anyone who’s been near a newspaper in the past three years will have noticed there’s something of an elephant in the room. How has, you might wonder, the economic chaos of the past few years (which is still very much continuing) affected the study of economics?
“Never in its modern history has economics, as we so far understand it, been more challenged than in recent years,” Dr Bratsiotis declares. “The devastating financial and banking crisis that started around 2007, followed by the sovereign debt crisis of developed economies in more recent days have led us to question our whole approach to how we think about economics.”
However this high drama means that it is an extremely exciting time to be involved with the subject. “For the first time leading economists, from both the main schools of economic thought, agree that there is an urgent need for fresh ideas to understand in more depth how our economy works, so that we can avoid future economic crises.
"The explosion of the world population growth, combined with the slowing down of economic growth, leaving huge amounts of accumulated debt in many advanced economies will occupy economists for many years to come, making economics more exciting and important than ever.”

Employment prospects

But excitement aside, talk of the economic crisis will most likely make you think about your own employment prospects, and so we asked Dr Bratsiotis how he thought economics graduates were likely to fare in the jobs market, remuneration aside?
“Very few qualifications offer the various career opportunities that an economics degree does," Dr Bratsiotis states. “Economics students can find employment in teaching and research/postgraduate studies finance, central banks and high street commercial banks, higher education and research, government departments, international organizations, industry, and really any type of company or enterprise small or large.
"Economics students have one of the highest employability records of all subjects and one of the highest incomes.”
Studying economics at graduate level >